Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye or sticky eye, is a common condition where the white part of the eye becomes pink or red. It can affect people of all ages, making it essential to understand its symptoms, causes, and treatment options.

This article explains conjunctivitis in simple terms, ensuring that you grasp everything about this eye condition and how to manage it.

Types of Conjunctivitis

There are three main types of conjunctivitis:

  1. Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Often seen in children, it is caused by bacteria and may require antibiotic treatment.
  2. Viral Conjunctivitis: Common in adults, it spreads easily and usually resolves on its own.
  3. Allergic Conjunctivitis: Caused by allergens like dust or pollen, it is not contagious.

Symptoms of Conjunctivitis

The primary symptom of conjunctivitis is red or pink eyes. Other symptoms may include:

  • Itchy or watery eyes
  • A gritty feeling in one or both eyes
  • Swollen eyelids
  • Light sensitivity

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Symptoms

  • Yellow or green sticky discharge from the eyes
  • Eyelids sticking together, especially after sleep

Viral Conjunctivitis Symptoms

  • Clear discharge
  • One or both eyes may be affected

Allergic Conjunctivitis Symptoms

  • Clear discharge from both eyes
  • Sneezing or nasal itchiness
  • Symptoms worsen during specific seasons

If your symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor promptly.

Causes of Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis can occur due to various reasons:

  1. Bacterial Infections: Spread through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects.
  2. Viral Infections: Extremely contagious and spreads via coughs, sneezes, or hand contact.
  3. Allergies: Triggers include dust, pollen, pet dander, or molds.

Irritants, such as chemicals or dust, can also cause conjunctivitis.

How Conjunctivitis Spreads

Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious. You can contract them by:

  • Coming in contact with droplets from an infected person’s eyes, mouth, or nose.
  • Sharing contaminated items like towels, tissues, or makeup.

Allergic conjunctivitis, however, is not contagious.

Diagnosis of Conjunctivitis

A healthcare provider, such as a doctor or ophthalmologist, diagnoses conjunctivitis by:

  • Reviewing symptoms
  • Examining the eyes
  • Taking a sample of eye discharge (if necessary)

When to See a Doctor

Consult a doctor if:

  • Symptoms persist after 1-2 days.
  • You experience severe eye pain or vision loss.
  • Your eyes become extremely sensitive to light.

These could indicate a more serious issue that needs immediate attention.

Home Remedies for Conjunctivitis

If your conjunctivitis is mild, you can manage it at home with the following tips:

  1. Wash your hands thoroughly before touching your eyes.
  2. Use a clean, warm cotton pad to gently wipe away discharge.
  3. Avoid sharing personal items like towels or makeup.
  4. Switch to glasses if you wear contact lenses until the infection clears.
  5. Discard any makeup or eye products used during the infection.

Medications for Conjunctivitis

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

  • Treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments.
  • Continue the medication even after symptoms improve to prevent recurrence.

Allergic Conjunctivitis

  • Antihistamine eye drops or oral tablets help reduce symptoms.
  • Nasal sprays may also provide relief.

Preventing Conjunctivitis

Preventing conjunctivitis is possible with proper hygiene:

  • Cover your mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing.
  • Wash your hands frequently, especially after touching your face.
  • Avoid sharing towels, face washers, or makeup.
  • Regularly wash and sun-dry bedding and towels.

Complications of Conjunctivitis

While most cases resolve within 2-5 days, complications may occur:

  • Dry eyes
  • Corneal ulcers (Keratitis)

If left untreated, conjunctivitis can lead to severe eye issues.

Should Kids Stay Home from School?

Yes, children should remain at home until the discharge from their eyes stops unless advised otherwise by a doctor. This prevents the spread of bacterial or viral conjunctivitis to other children.

Immediate Care for Conjunctivitis

Seek urgent medical help if you experience:

  • Sudden changes in vision
  • Severe eye pain
  • Extreme sensitivity to light

These symptoms could indicate serious complications.

Conclusion

Conjunctivitis may seem minor, but it can cause significant discomfort and inconvenience. Whether it’s bacterial, viral, or allergic, understanding its symptoms and taking appropriate steps can help you recover quickly. Always practice good hygiene to prevent its spread and consult a doctor for persistent or severe cases.

For personalized care and treatment, call Aapka Care or visit our website at www.aapkacare.com for professional assistance.